Conference on Safety Engineering and Its Application
Pelaksanaan Conference on Safety Engineering and Its Application ini merupakan hasil kerja sama antara Program Studi Teknik Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja PPNS dengan Himpunan Mahasiswa Teknik Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja. Prosiding konferensi ini diterbitkan oleh Pusat Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat (P3M) PPNS. Di era industri modern yang semakin kompetitif, investasi strategis melalui ergonomi merupakan hal yang penting dalam membentuk tenaga kerja yang sehat dan produktif. Setiap perusahaan dituntut tidak hanya menjamin keselamatan kerja, tetapi juga memperhatikan faktor ergonomis sebagai bagian dari strategi keberlanjutan operasional. Dalam rangka mendukung pengembangan pengetahuan serta mendorong penerapan ergonomi, Program Studi Teknik Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja menyelenggarakan Seminar Conference K3. Tahun ini, seminar tersebut mengangkat tema “Shaping a Healthier Workforce: Ergonomics as a Strategic Investment”.
Analisis Karakteristik Inidividu dan Beban Kerja Terhadap Kelelahan Kerja di Dinas Tenaga Kerja Kabupaten Gresik
The Gresik District Manpower Office is an agency led by the Head of the Office and has four fields, namely the Job Training and Productivity Improvement Field, the Employment Information and Data Field, the Manpower Placement and Expansion of Employment Opportunities Field, and the Industrial Relations and Social Security Field. Based on field observations and preliminary studies, it was found that many employees at the Gresik Manpower Office experienced work fatigue. This work fatigue was measured using the IFRC questionnaire, while workload measurement was carried out using the NASA-TLX questionnaire. Individual factor variables were obtained from secondary data from the agency. This study involved 44 respondents. Data analysis used ordinal logistic regression. The variables of workload, age, and length of service have a relationship with work fatigue based on the Chi-Square test (p-value of workload = 0.025; age = 0.026; length of service = 0.011). The results of the simultaneous test showed that these three variables influenced work fatigue with a significance level of 0.002. Furthermore, the results of individual tests showed that workload (p-value = 0.007), age (p-value = 0.026), and length of service (p-value = 0.011) significantly affected work fatigue. Recommendations to reduce work fatigue due to the influence of workload, age, and length of service include: evaluating the ambiguity of task division, evaluating the division of tasks outside the office and allocating work that requires more energy to productive age employees to reduce fatigue. In addition, it is also recommended to hold events outside of routine office activities as a means of refreshment for employees who are bored with work.
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Analisis Penyebab Kerusakan pada Pump Engine Menggunakan Metode Failure Mode and Effect Analisist (FMEA)
A lubricating oil processing manufacturing company that is an active entity in the process of processing and processing into new ready-to-use products. Frequent failures in the P-101A pump engine in the Hydrofinishing process which is an important stage in the production of lubricating oil. Based on downtime data in 2024 the failure of the pump engine amounted to 21%. Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) is used to identify the risk of failure of each component function. The results of the FMEA analysis were 27 components and 28 failure modes. Critical components include lift tilt cylinder and brake lining with RPN 80, as well as control valve and oil filter with RPN 64. From the results of the pareto diagram analysis, the components included in the 20% critical components are mechanical seals with an RPC value of 140, timming gear and strator with an RPN value of 120.
Desain Sistem Internet of Things untuk Pemantauan Parameter Fisiologis Tenaga Kerja di Lingkungan Kerja Industri
Occupational safety and health are fundamental aspects in industrial environments, as they are directly linked to maintaining workforce performance and preventing health disturbances that may lead to reduced concentration and increased risk of accidents. With ongoing technological advancements, there is a growing need for systems that can monitor workers’ physiological conditions digitally, accurately, and efficiently. This study aims to design and implement a monitoring system based on the Internet of Things (IoT) that is capable of tracking heart rate and body temperature in real time. The system is developed using the ESP32 microcontroller, connected to the MAX30102 sensor for measuring heart rate and oxygen saturation, and the AHT25 sensor for measuring body temperature. Collected data are wirelessly transmitted to the Firebase Realtime Database and visualized through a web-based interface featuring login authentication, dashboards, monitoring pages, historical graphs, and data logging. Initial testing indicated that the system yielded error rates of 13.27% for heart rate, 13.33% for oxygen saturation, and 10.78% for body temperature. After implementing software-based calibration aligned with reference measuring devices, the error rates significantly decreased to 6.93%, 3.07%, and 5.8%, respectively. These results demonstrate that the system offers an acceptable level of accuracy for basic physiological monitoring. Moving forward, the system holds promising potential for further development through the integration of adaptive machine learning algorithms, automated alert features, and improved user interface design to enhance the effectiveness, responsiveness, and digital integration of occupational safety monitoring.
Perancangan Database Sistem Informasi Inspeksi serta Pelaporan Kerusakan Pesawat Angkat dan Angkut Berbasis Website Responsive
Lifting and transporting equipment plays a crucial role in industrial production processes, particularly in moving large and heavy materials. Without regular feasibility inspections, the use of such equipment poses a high risk of danger. Conventional methods used for inspection and damage reporting still face numerous challenges, such as the risk of document loss, difficulties in tracking reports, time inefficiencies, and a high potential for human error. Additionally, a slow and unstructured process can lead to delays in decision-making and non-compliance with Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs). Therefore, a digital solution is needed to optimize these processes. With the rapid advancement of digital technology, the transformation to a web-based information system has become a relevant solution to overcome these issues. This study aims to design a responsive web-based information system database for the inspection and damage reporting of lifting and transporting equipment that can effectively and efficiently integrate all related processes. A responsive website is chosen because it can adapt its display across various devices and is more accessible to users. The system design process includes needs analysis, the creation of a use case diagram to illustrate user and system interaction, and the development of an Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD) to depict the system’s functionality, workflow, and database structure. The system is developed using programming languages such as HTML, JavaScript, and CSS, and is supported by the PHP Laravel framework. Visual Studio Code is used as the development tool, and MySQL is used for the database design.
Analisis Risiko Ledakan Reformer Pada Unit Hydrogen Plant Menggunakan Metode Fault Tree Analysis
The hydrogen plant unit is an important part of the production system in the lubricant processing industry which functions to supply high-quality hydrogen gas to the hydrofinishing unit. Hydrogen gas is included in the IIC gas category which has a high explosion potential due to its highly flammable nature. One of the most crucial and high-risk equipment in this unit is the reformer, as it operates at high temperature and pressure and involves sensitive chemical reactions. Disruptions to the reforming process can pose safety risks such as overpressurization, catalyst degradation, flame instability, and tube rupture. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the risk of explosion in the reformer using the Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) method. FTA was chosen because it is able to describe the cause-and-effect relationship systematically through a top-down approach, starting from the top event to the root cause. Based on the results of the FTA diagram preparation, 46 minimum cut sets and 13 basic causes were obtained, including: irregular inspection schedule, contaminated process gas, lifetime of the pressure transmitter, lack of maintenance, and use of non-standard materials and cables. Risk control recommendations based on the principle of hierarchical control that can be carried out include the substitution level, namely replacing materials and components according to specifications, at the engineering level adding flow control valves, and at the administrative control level by setting inspection or maintenance schedules, SOP compliance, and providing training.
ANALISIS FIRE RISK ASSESSMENT DAN EVALUASI SISTEM PROTEKSI KEBAKARAN ALAT PEMADAM API RINGAN PADA AREA WAREHOUSE PERUSAHAAN SUPPORT OIL AND GAS
The warehouse is one of the vital areas in the operational activities of oil and gas support companies, serving as a storage space for materials, tools, and supporting equipment, most of which are highly flammable. Based on observations conducted in the warehouse area with a total area of 900 m², it was found that the active fire protection system, specifically Portable Fire Extinguishers (APAR), does not yet meet the required standards. In this study, a Fire Risk Assessment (FRA) was conducted along with an evaluation of APAR requirements as part of the active fire protection system. The FRA was carried out based on NFPA 551 standards, while the evaluation of APAR requirements refers to the Indonesian Ministry of Manpower Regulation No. 4 of 1980. The results of the FRA identified 3 areas with a very high fire risk level and 4 areas with a high fire risk level within the warehouse. The evaluation of the fire protection system revealed that the existing 2 APAR units are insufficient to meet the minimum standards. Based on the calculated requirements for fire protection in a 900 m² warehouse, a total of 5 units of 6 kg Dry Chemical Powder APAR are needed to optimally protect the entire area. This indicates a shortage of 6 APAR units that must be addressed immediately to minimize the impact of fire. Therefore, additional APAR units and proper placement adjustments are necessary to ensure the fire protection system functions effectively in preventing and controlling fires within the warehouse area
Penentuan Bahan Enclosure untuk Mereduksi Kebisingan Mesin Hammer Mill Stolz di unit Feed Processing Perusahaan Pakan Ternak
The poultry feed industry is one of the crucial industries in Indonesia. Poultry feed is processed in a feed processing unit that relies on modern machines, one of the example is the Hammer Mill Stolz machine, which functions to crush raw feed materials in the grinding process. After measurements were taken, the combined noise results were 111.2 dBA. This noise exceeds the noise treshold value of 85 dBA for 8 working hours. Workers in the hammer mill stolz machine area work for 8 hours without using Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) in the form of earplugs or earmuffs. So that, according to the results of the company's medical checkup in 2024, 47.3% of workers in the area experienced varying hearing loss. From the results of the noise risk assessment, technical control was given in the form of a hammer mill stolz machine enclosure, which was adjusted to the calculation of the noise received by the workers. The calculated machine noise was 118.9 dBA. There are six choices of enclosure materials available, namely brick, cement concrete, wood, glass, plywood panels, and gypsum boards. The material is then calculated for Transmission Loss and Noise Reduction values ??with the thickness values ??available on the market and a thickness of 10 cm. After the calculation, the results obtained are that the enclosure will be made of plywood panel material with a thickness of 10 cm. The noise value that can be reduced by the enclosure with the material and thickness is 40.4 dBA. The measured noise after reduction is 78.5 dBA. So it can be concluded that the enclosure with plywood panel material with a thickness of 10 cm can reduce noise to below the Threshold Limit Value (NAB) of 85 dBA. Keywords: Enclosure, Hammer Mill Stolz, Material, Noise, Poultry Feed Company
Penilaian Risiko Kebakaran dan Evaluasi Kebutuhan APAR pada Industri Pakan Ternak Berdasarkan NFPA 10
The feedmill industry is a vital and growing sector in Indonesia, yet it carries a significant fire risk due to flammable raw materials and the accumulation of combustible dust. Many companies still face challenges in implementing optimal fire protection systems, such as improper placement of fire extinguishers (APAR). This study aims to conduct a fire risk assessment, evaluate the existing active fire protection system, design improvement proposals according to standards, and analyze the feasibility of these recommendations at a feedmill manufacturing company. The methodology employed is a qualitative Fire Risk Assessment (FRA) based on NFPA 551 to identify and evaluate risks. The evaluation of active protection systems such as APAR was performed by comparing them against relevant standards such as NFPA 10, NFPA 14, and SNI. The feasibility of the proposed improvements was analyzed using the Benefit-Cost Analysis (BCA) method. The FRA results indicated that out of 48 assessed areas, 21 were at a moderate risk level and 3 were at a high risk level. The evaluation revealed that the existing APAR coverage was inadequate, failing to protect several critical points. Based on the analysis, improvement recommendations were formulated, including the addition and repositioning of APARs, as well as the design of detector to reduce the residual risk level.
Analisis Human Error pada Pekerjaan Pengikatan Tiang Pancang menggunakan Metode Human Error Assesment And Reduction Technique (HEART) dan FTA
Construction work is a high-risk sector because it involves various complex factors. One of the activities in this work is the pile binding process, which is prone to human error. Based on work accident data in 2023, an incident was recorded in the installation of piles using a mobile crane caused by human error. This incident resulted in equipment damage, financial losses, and endangered work safety. To prevent similar incidents from recurring, a systematic approach is needed to analyze and reduce the possibility of human error through the Human Reliability Assessment (HRA). This study used the Human Error Assessment and Reduction Technique (HEART) method to calculate the probability of human error (Human Error Probability/HEP). The identification results from HEART were then further analyzed through the Impact assessment to determine the level of impact on accidents. The ultimate goal of this study is to produce a risk control strategy to reduce the possibility of human error in the pile installation process in construction projects
ANALISIS KEGAGALAN KOMPONEN BATCHING PLANT MENGGUNAKAN METODE FMEA DAN FTA PADA PERUSAHAAN BETON
The pre-cast concrete company in Mojokerto is one of the manufacturing companies. The process of making concrete takes place for 24 hours, this results in the machines used in the production process are prone to failures that can hamper the production process. One of the tools that operate 24 hours is the Batching Plant. The failure data from 2022-2024, shows that the Batching Plant is the tool that has the highest number of failures of all the tools in the company. The purpose of this study is to conduct an analysis of component failures in the Batching Plant so that similar events do not recur and can be minimised. This research uses the Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) and Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) methods. The results of the analysis using FMEA, found 58 potential failure modes, then continued to determine critical components using Pareto diagrams and showed 5 critical components, namely, mixing blade, conveyor belt , screw conveyor motor, pressure relief valve, and conveyor belt drive motor which were used as top events for making FTA. The results of the FTA found the basic causes in the mixing blade component 10 basic events, Fault Tree Analysis 9 basic events, screw conveyor motor 12 basic events, pressure relief valve 9 basic events, conveyor belt drive motor 11 basic events. Recommendations are given using a control hierarchy that is adjusted to the type of basic cause of each top event.
Perancangan Fire Suppression System Pada Ruang Kontrol Panel Pabrik Kimia
This research is motivated by the high incidence of fires due to electrical failures in Indonesia, particularly in the observed chemical manufacturing plant's electrical control room, which has a significant fire risk due to sensitive electronic devices with high fire potential, thus requiring an effective extinguishing system. The purpose of this study is to compare the design of fire suppression systems using CO2 and FM200 and to analyze the budget required for the system's design. The methods used in this research include designing a fire suppression system with the Total Flooding for Deep Seated Fire method, as well as calculating material and manpower requirements. The results show that both extinguishing agents (CO2 and FM200) can extinguish Class A, B, and C fires, but differ in Global Warming Potential (GWP) and atmospheric lifetime, with FM200 having a higher GWP. The mass requirement for CO2 is 763.0875 Kg, and for FM200, it is 44.9334 Kg. Simulation results show that FM200 extinguishes fire faster (3 seconds) compared to CO2 (4 seconds) for the same case. The total estimated material and installation costs for FM200 are Rp94,006,869.00, while for CO2, it is Rp91,518,758.00. This research is expected to provide optimal solutions for fire risk control in plant electrical control rooms from both technical and economic perspectives.
Stres sebagai Faktor yang Memengaruhi Munculnya Ide Bunuh Diri pada Mahasiswa di Surabaya
College students experience many transitions in living arrangements, relationships, education or work that can lead to stress and other psychological pressures. This makes students immersed in emotional control who are at higher risk of clinical symptoms, such as anxiety, depression, stress, somatic complaints, and suicidal behaviour tendencies. This study was conducted to analyse the effect of psychological pressure that is often experienced by students, namely stress with suicidal ideation, using the ordinal logistic regression analysis method. The determination of the number of samples in this study was carried out using the random sampling method and the number of participants in this study was 150 respondents, consisting of 4 levels of school years in college. The data that has been collected will be analysed using the Statistical Product and Service Solution (SPSS) software. This study shows a significance value of <0.001, where the test results show the influence of stress experienced by students on the emergence of suicidal ideation.
Hubungan Usia, Penggunaan APD Pernapasan, dan Ketergantungan Terhadap Rokok dengan Keluhan Gejala Gangguan Pernapasan pada Pekerja Galangan Kapal
A shipyard is a facility designed for shipbuilding and repair. Work processes in shipyards, especially those conducted in open areas like slipways, generate residual materials such as dust. Exposure to polluted air can impact workers' health, particularly the respiratory system. Over the past three years, complaints of Acute Respiratory Infections (ARI) have been the most frequently reported health issue among shipyard workers. Commonly reported symptoms include cough, runny nose, fever, and shortness of breath, with shortness of breath being one of the clinical manifestations of respiratory disorders. Demographically, the majority of shipyard workers are male, with an average age of 35 years. Males generally have a higher tendency for nicotine dependence compared to females. Furthermore, the use of respiratory Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), such as respirators, is not mandatory for all daily work activities, thereby increasing the potential risk of dust exposure. Based on these conditions, this study aims to identify the general profile of respiratory symptom complaints among shipyard workers in Lamongan. The study also analyzes the relationship between several risk factors namely age, level of nicotine dependence, and use of respiratory PPE and complaints of respiratory disorders. Data collection utilized the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence, The Medical Research Council (MRC) Dyspnea Scale, observation of PPE usage, and company age data. The chi-square test was used to determine the relationships between these variables. The results indicate that age (p-value = 0.020), nicotine dependence (p-value = 0.020), and use of respiratory PPE (p-value = 0.036) have a significant relationship with complaints of respiratory symptoms. Keywords: Respiratory symptoms, Respiratory protective equipment, Age, Nicotine Dependence
Evaluasi Risiko Ergonomi Stasiun Kerja Filling Di Lube Oil Blending Plant (LOBP) Berdasarkan SNI 9011:2021
High-frequency repetitive tasks, non-ergonomic postures, and prolonged working hours in the filling process at the Lube Oil Blending Plant (LOBP) potentially contribute to musculoskeletal disorders. This study aims to evaluate ergonomic risks in the box sealing process at the filling workstation using a quantitative approach. The GOTRAK survey was used as an initial tool to identify musculoskeletal complaints among operators, followed by assessment using the ergonomic hazard checklist based on SNI 9011:2021. Data were collected through questionnaires, as well as photo and video documentation of work activities. GOTRAK survey results indicated the highest complaints occurred in the right and left shoulders, each with a percentage of 68%, caused by repetitive movements and overhead hand positions. The final risk score was 12, which falls into the hazardous category (?7). The highest complaints were reported in the right and left shoulder areas due to non-ergonomic postures and repetitive movements. Control recommendations were provided based on the hierarchy of hazard controls, including engineering controls through the addition of an adjustable and rotatable lift table, adjustment of table height, administrative controls such as work and break scheduling, and the use of personal protective equipment (PPE). These measures aim to reduce ergonomic risks and improve operator comfort.
Analisis pemborosan pada proses pemberian izin kerja panas menggunakan metode Value Stream Mapping dan Root Cause Analysis
The work permit granting system is part of the fulfillment of criteria 6.1.5 in Government Regulation Number 50 of 2012 concerning the Occupational Safety and Health Management System (SMK3). This system includes permits for various high-risk activities, such as hot work, confined space, work at height, and use of scaffolding. This study aims to evaluate the suitability of the implementation of the work permit system to applicable regulations, identify waste in the work permit information system flow process, and find the root cause of the waste. The method used is Value Stream Mapping (VSM) for process mapping and Root Cause Analysis (RCA) for root cause analysis. The results of this study can provide an overview of the potential for waste and solutions to improve efficiency in the work permit granting information system process. This aims to shorten the making of work permits before high-risk work is carried out. So that if the work permit can be completed immediately, the activity is not delayed so that the work process does not become a barrier to company productivity.. Keywords: Work Permit, OHSMS, Value Stream Mapping, Root Cause Analysis
Identifikasi Kegagalan Komponen Harbour Mobile Crane Menggunakan Failure Mode and Effect Analysis di Perusahaan Jasa Bongkar Muat Petikemas
Container terminals play a crucial role in driving the economy through the distribution of goods. The Harbour Mobile Crane (HMC) is the main equipment used in the container loading and unloading process, operating 24 hours a day to meet production targets. The high intensity of work makes HMCs susceptible to failures, which can disrupt operational activities and increase the risk of accidents. This study aims to identify and analyze the risk of HMC component failures using the Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) method at a container stevedoring company. FMEA is used to identify failure modes, effects, and causes of failure for each HMC component. Each failure mode is assessed based on severity, occurrence, and detection to obtain a Risk Priority Number (RPN). Data were collected through expert judgment interviews, direct object observation, equipment failure records, and equipment manuals. The identification results of HMC components using the FMEA method show that out of 6 main components and 41 subcomponents analyzed, there is one subcomponent with the highest RPN value in each main component. The subcomponents with the highest RPN values include the fuel filter with a failure mode of clogged fuel filter and an RPN of 105, wire ropes with a failure mode of broken wire ropes and an RPN of 240, hydraulic system with a failure mode of hydraulic oil leakage and an RPN of 120, twist lock with a failure mode of broken twist lock and an RPN of 128, battery PLC with a failure mode of broken battery PLC and an RPN of 48, and joystick with a failure mode of joystick trouble and an RPN of 120. The identified failure modes, effects, and causes of failure for components with the highest RPN values can be used as a tool to determine recommendations for improvement.
Gambaran Faktor Individu dan Stres Kerja terhadap Keluhan Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) Pada Karyawan Kantor Perusahaan Fabrikasi dan Konstruksi Baja
Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) is a collection of symptoms or complaints experienced by residents of modern buildings that a person feels when working or doing activities in the building. This study aims to analyze individual factors and work stress on SBS complaints in office employees at the Steel Fabrication and Construction Company. This study used a cross sectional approach with a total sample of 70 respondents. Data were collected through the distribution of SBS complaint questionnaires, PSS-10 questionnaires for work stress, and secondary data from the company. The results showed that 70% of respondents or 49 people experienced SBS complaints, with the most symptoms being fatigue, drowsiness, and nasal congestion. The factors of age ? 30 years, male gender, working period ? 5 years, smoking habit, and medium work stress have contributed to causing SBS complaints.
Evaluasi APAR Dan Perancangan Sistem Proteksi Kebakaran Aktif pada Workshop Fabrikasi di Gresik
The fabrication workshop is a high fire-risk work environment due to the use of heat-producing machinery such as welding, cutting, blasting, and painting equipment. To minimize this risk, a reliable and standardized active fire protection system is essential. This study aims to evaluate and design active fire protection systems, including portable fire extinguishers (APAR), heat detectors, and manual fire alarm pull stations (TPM), in a fabrication workshop located in Gresik. The evaluation and design process refers to NFPA 10 (2022) and NFPA 72 (2022) as the main standards. The evaluation revealed that among the five observed areas, only the main workshop was equipped with fire extinguishers, while the other areas lacked proper protection. Based on hazard classification and area coverage, the minimum required number of extinguishers was eight units; however, only five units were found, all located in the workshop area. Their placement did not fully comply with the maximum coverage distance of 23 meters as regulated. Repositioning and additional units are needed, particularly in the painting, blasting, office, and parking areas. For the detection system, the heat detector layout was designed using a grid pattern, resulting in a total of 16 detectors to ensure full area coverage. Furthermore, one manual fire alarm pull station (TPM) was designed near the main exit, installed at a height and distance no greater than 1.5 meters from the door, in accordance with NFPA 72 Section 17.14.1.3. This study highlights the importance of evaluating and redesigning active fire protection systems to ensure workplace safety in high-risk environments such as fabrication workshops. Keywords: Fire Alarm, Fire Extingusiher, Detector, Evaluation, Design, Workshop Fabrication
Perhitungan Waktu Rute Evakuasi Darurat pada Gedung Bertingkat
The increasing number of high-rise buildings in Indonesia, especially in big cities, has raised concerns about the safety of their occupants. Frequent cases of fire and earthquakes show the urgency of having an effective evacuation route system. This study was motivated by the fire cases in Mampang Prapatan and the earthquake in the Java Sea, which highlighted the importance of designing building evacuation routes that support fast and safe evacuation. The calculation was carried out based on the SFPE Handbook of Fire Safety Engineering 5th Edition reference, with the aim of finding out how long it takes during the emergency evacuation process. The calculation results show that the evacuation time that takes longer is at R12 via K2, which is 0.89 minutes, while the route via K is 0.3 minutes. This can occur due to several factors, namely the number of occupants or people in each room, the area of ??each room, and the width of the path to be passed.
Perancangan Database Untuk Aplikasi Inspeksi Sarana Proteksi Kebakaran Aktif Berbasis Android
Manual inspection of fire protection systems in high-risk industries, such as biochemistry, faces constraints of inefficiency, risk of historical data loss, and frequently missed schedules. These problems hinder effective fire risk mitigation efforts. This research aims to design an Android-based inspection application system using the Flutter framework to overcome these issues at a biochemical company in Mojokerto. The method employed is system design with a structured approach, initiated by problem identification through gap analysis. The system design focuses on modeling functional requirements using Use Case Diagrams and designing the database structure using Entity Relationship Diagrams (ERD). The result of this research is a comprehensive system blueprint, consisting of a functional model that defines workflows and user access rights (HSE Personnel and Manager), and a data model via ERD that details crucial entities such as Users, Equipment (Portable Fire Extinguishers, Wheeled Fire Extinguishers, Hydrants), and Inspection Reports, along with their relationships. It is concluded that the resulting design has successfully mapped the system's requirements both functionally and structurally, providing a logical and efficient foundation for the subsequent application development phase.
Faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap Behaviour Based Safety pada Kurir Pengirim Barang area Jawa Timur
Couriers delivering at risk of traffic accidents while working. Behaviour Based Safety is an approach to preventing workplace accidents through behavioral change. The aim of this study is to determine the relationship and influence of Behaviour Based Safety factors on delivery couriers in the East Java region. The population used in this study includes all delivery couriers in the East Java area, with a sample size of 275 individuals. Data was collected using a questionnaire technique that had been tested for validity and reliability. The research results show that the factors related to Behaviour Based Safety are driving duration, which showed a p-value of 0.000 < 0.05, and knowledge, which also showed a p-value of 0.000 < 0.05. Based on these results, it is expected that various parties—including the government, police, educational institutions, and companies will take part in developing safe driving training programs and increasing awareness about the use of proper driving equipment. In addition, delivery companies are expected to always comply with traffic regulations and procedures.
Smart Safety Vest Pendeteksi Gas CO, dan CO2 untuk Pekerja pada Area Underground Mine dengan Sistem Internet of Things
Mining work is one of the jobs that has high risks and dangers. Moreover, underground mining work is also included in confined space work, so it will be dangerous if exposed to hazardous gases such as carbon monoxide (CO) and carbon dioxide (CO2). On the other hand, the application of technological innovation in personal protective equipment has not been maximized. One thing that can be done is to utilize safety vests on workers as a medium in its application. In improving worker safety, this study developed Smart Vest, a smart vest based on the Internet of Things (IoT) that can detect CO, CO2 gas in real-time. This system uses the MQ-7 sensor to measure CO gas, MQ-135 to detect CO2. Data from the sensor is processed using the ESP32 module and then sent to the server to be monitored using the website. Users can monitor the condition of the work environment directly through the website which provides early warnings if there are parameters that exceed the specified threshold value. The test results show that this vest is able to detect environmental parameters with high accuracy and provide notifications in real-time. With the integration of IoT technology, Smart Safety Vest is an innovative solution to improve work safety in underground mining environments
Inovasi Sistem Informasi Website Responsive untuk Pemantauan Hasil Audit Internal Machine Safety pada Industri Otomotif
Car manufacturing companies are part of the automotive industry that produce vehicle components, stamp car bodies, assemble vehicles, and export cars to various countries. The production process involves various industrial machines that require special attention to occupational safety aspects. To ensure the safety of the workforce, the company routinely conducts machine safety audits to evaluate the performance and safety protection of the machines used. However, the implementation of internal audits has not been maximized because the documentation process of findings is still done semi-manually through Excel, while follow-ups are only monitored via email, which complicates the periodic monitoring process. Based on these issues, this research aims to design a responsive web-based information system that can optimize the implementation of machine safety audits in the company. The website is designed to be accessible via both laptops and mobile phones with a flexible and user-friendly interface. The design process was carried out through the formulation of system requirements using use case diagrams, determination of entities and attributes in the database, creation of interface designs, and implementation of the system using HTML and PHP programming languages, as well as the MySQL database. This website is equipped with main features such as an audit report dashboard, addition of findings and follow-ups, audit status monitoring, and searching for safety regulation documents. This system is expected to assist the internal audit team in conducting oversight, recording follow-ups, and integrating safety regulations into a single effective platform. The test results show that all features function well without any errors or bugs during use.
Studi Deskriptif Heat Strain dan Faktor Risikonya pada Pekerja di Area Workshop Perusahaan Fabrikasi Baja
Perusahaan fabrikasi baja merupakan salah satu industri dengan risiko tinggi terhadap paparan panas di lingkungan kerja. Kondisi lingkungan yang panas dapat menyebabkan gangguan kesehatan kerja, salah satunya heat strain, yang berdampak pada kenyamanan, keselamatan, serta produktivitas pekerja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran kondisi iklim kerja serta faktor individu dengan kejadian heat strain pada pekerja di area workshop 2 dan workshop 3. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kuantitatif dengan pendekatan total sampling yang melibatkan 30 pekerja. Data dikumpulkan melalui pengukuran suhu tubuh, denyut nadi menggunakan Physiological Strain Index (PSI), kuesioner, dan data sekunder perusahaan. Hasil pengukuran menunjukkan bahwa mayoritas pekerja bekerja dalam iklim panas dengan nilai yang melebihi nilai ambang batas (NAB) yang ditetapkan. Sebagian besar pekerja mengalami heat strain dalam kategori ringan hingga sedang berdasarkan nilai PSI yang diperoleh. Faktor individu yang ditemukan berhubungan dengan kejadian heat strain meliputi usia ?40 tahun, konsumsi air kurang dari 8 gelas per hari, serta status obesitas. Selain faktor individu, kondisi lingkungan kerja seperti ventilasi yang kurang memadai dan paparan panas dari mesin produksi turut memperburuk situasi iklim kerja di area tersebut. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa heat strain masih menjadi masalah kesehatan kerja yang cukup tinggi di industri fabrikasi baja, khususnya pada area kerja dengan paparan panas berlebih.
Analisis Penilaian Postur Kerja Berdasarkan SNI 9011:2021 Pada Pekerjaan Pengelasan Pipa Di Perusahaan Galangan Kapal
Continuous production is one of the company's achievements. However, in pursuing this goal, the company has not paid sufficient attention to ergonomic aspects. The fabrication activity involves pipe welding used for connecting and repairing ship pipes. During the pipe welding process, workers often adopt awkward postures, such as squatting, bending the torso, bowing the neck, and flexing the wrists for extended periods, which may lead to Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs). The main objective of this study is to measure and analyze working postures and provide recommendations for improvement. This research is based on the SNI 9011:2021 standard using a quantitative method tailored to actual conditions. The GOTRAK questionnaire results indicate that 13% of all workers are at a moderate risk level, while 7% are at a high-risk level. Body parts identified with high-risk levels include the shoulders (20%), arms, and knees (13%). After conducting the assessment, a total score of 14 was obtained, indicating a hazardous condition that requires workstation improvement recommendations. These improvements were simulated using CATIA software, involving the addition of work facilities such as pipe supports and adjustable chairs tailored to the anthropometric data of Indonesian males to reduce potential ergonomic hazards faced by the workers.
The mining industry places great importance on occupational health and safety for its workers, and companies are committed to ensuring the safety and well-being of their employees. This commitment is reflected in the goal of achieving zero accidents and work-related illnesses. Employee accidents in the workplace can significantly disrupt or halt mining operations. When an employee experiences an accident, other workers in the vicinity typically stop their activities to either assist or observe the injured colleague, leading to a reduction in the company’s production output. During the 2022–2023 period, six transportation-related accidents involving employee manhaul occurred, including four cases of employees falling and two cases of collisions (either by impact or being struck). These types of manhaul traffic accidents are known to have a high impact, as they can involve multiple individuals and potentially result in fatalities. This study aims to identify the root causes of manhaul employee transportation accidents using a fishbone diagram, analyzing eight categories: manpower, method, machine, material, measurement, environment, management, and maintenance. The study also provides recommendations for preventive measures based on the Systematic Cause Analysis Technique (SCAT). The fishbone diagram analysis identified the root causes of six manhaul traffic accidents, which were categorized under manpower, method, measurement, environment, and management. The recommendations derived using SCAT include leadership and administration, critical task analysis and procedures, task observation, work regulations and permits, system evaluations, personal communication (with employees), and group communication.
Perancangan Sistem Informasi Pelayanan Kesehatan dan Manajemen Farmasi Berbasis Website Pada Politeknik Perkapalan Negeri Surabaya
Politeknik Perkapalan Negeri Surabaya (PPNS) operates a clinic as a healthcare facility for its academic community. However, the healthcare services and pharmaceutical management systems at the clinic are still partially manual and not yet integrated, making them susceptible to errors in information recording. This study aims to design a web-based information system for healthcare services and pharmaceutical management to enhance the efficiency and accuracy of data management. The research methods employed include preliminary observation, literature review, field study, interviews, and the collection of both primary and secondary data. The system design process involved the development of use case diagrams, activity diagrams, and entity relationship diagrams (ERD) as guidelines for system development. The resulting web-based information system can be accessed by users with three distinct roles: doctors, nurses, and pharmacists. Each role has specific responsibilities within the system, such as patient registration, clinical examination, data validation, and the management of medicine and medical supplies (BMHP). This system integrates healthcare services and pharmaceutical management, displays data accurately, and facilitates systematic and efficient storage and retrieval of medical and pharmaceutical records. Additionally, it includes data download and validation features within the pharmaceutical management module to ensure data integrity and minimize the risk of data falsification.
Analisis Erogonomi GOTRAK pada Pekerja Sub Pekerjaan Bagging Pupuk Menggunakan SNI 9011:2021
Fertilizer companies are closely related to manual handling work, many ergonomic problems are found in the companies. This can be seen through from initial study of 22 workers in the fertilizer packing section, it was found that MSDS complaints of moderate risk with a percentage of more than 30% occurred in the arms, hands, calves, shoulders, upper back, lower back, hips, and legs. While high-risk MSDS complaints were found in the arms, shoulders, upper back, lower back and hips. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a further ergonomic assessment analysis, to identify ergonomic risks to muscle and skeletal disorders in the workforce. This study was analyzed using the SNI 9011:2021 guidelines, starting from the MSDS assessment interview, assessment of potential ergonomic factor hazards, and assessment of worker activities in the fertilizer bagging sub-job. After all risks are assessed, the work station is modified and the appropriate work duration is arranged. The results of the study on the potential ergonomic factor hazards of the fertilizer bagging sub-job got a score of 12 points, this is included in the dangerous category so it needs to be studied further and need an improvements. Improvements were made by modifying the workstation using CATIA software, which was then re-assessed for potential ergonomic hazards. The results of the re-assessment of potential ergonomic hazards after control were carried out obtained a score of 1 point and entered into low ergonomic risk. This study aims to determine the potential ergonomic hazards that can cause musculoskeletal disorders and to determine recommendations for improvements to reduce these hazards.
Evaluasi Fasilitas Difabel Pada Gedung J dan U Politeknik Perkapalan Negeri Surabaya
Accessibility is a crucial aspect in providing higher education facilities, especially for persons with disabilities. This study aims to evaluate the compliance of disability facilities in Building J and Building U of Politeknik Perkapalan Negeri Surabaya (PPNS) based on the Regulation of the Minister of Public Works and Housing (Permen PUPR) No. 14 of 2017. The method used in this research is direct observation of accessibility elements such as pedestrian paths, ramps, and disabled toilets, compared with the applicable regulatory standards. The evaluation results show that both buildings meet the minimum width standards for pedestrian paths and have safe floor surfaces. Building J has a ramp, but it does not meet the required slope standard and lacks handrails, and there are no accessible toilets. Meanwhile, Building U is equipped with ramps with handrails and accessible toilets, although the toilet dimensions do not fully comply with ideal standards. Based on these findings, it is concluded that although some supporting facilities are available, improvements are still needed to ensure the buildings are fully inclusive and compliant with national regulations. Recommendations include the installation of guiding blocks, ramp adjustment, and improvement of toilet facilities for persons with disabilities.
Identifikasi Bahaya Tekanan dan Suhu pada Proses Hidrogenasi di Industri Minyak Kelapa Sawit dengan Pendekatan Hazard and Operability Study dan Fault Tree Analysis
This research focuses on the palm oil processing industry which in its operations often uses the hydrogenation process to improve the stability and chemical characteristics of the oil. The hydrogenation unit is the only facility that produces hardened fat and is integrated with other units in the production system. The hydrogenation process has high potential hazards, especially the risk of explosion caused by factors such as hydrogen gas leakage, high pressure and temperature, and other operational conditions. These risks can cause serious damage to production facilities. Currently, the industry has implemented the Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment (HIA) method through the Hazard Identification and Determining Control (HIRADC) approach. However, this method is considered less effective because it has not been able to provide comprehensive and structured results, especially in terms of process operability and safety. Moreover, the risk level in the hydrogenation unit is relatively higher than other units. Based on these conditions, a more in-depth approach is needed to prevent potential accidents or failures in the production process. Therefore, this study aims to identify potential hazards in the hydrogenation unit using the Hazard and Operability Study (HAZOP) method. Furthermore, to determine the root cause of the identified high risk, further analysis was carried out using the Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) method to determine appropriate control measures.
Perancangan Alat Pemadam Api Ringan dan Detektor di Ruang Rapat Perusahaan Maintenance Gerbong di Jawa Tengah
A railway carriage maintenance company has significant fire hazard potential, particularly in areas adjacent to logistic warehouses and are infrequently visited by personnel. This research aims to evaluate the need for Portable Fire Extinguishers (APAR) and design a detector system in two specific meeting rooms: the Bogie Meeting Room and the Quality Control (QC) Meeting Room. The method used is a qualitative approach beginning with a Fire Risk Assessment (FRA) according to NFPA 551 guidelines to identify hazards. APAR requirements were evaluated based on the ordinary hazard classification per NFPA 10, while the smoke detector design was based on placement standards to maximize performance. The analysis results show that the Bogie Meeting Room (138.7 m²) and the QC Meeting Room (149.3 m²) each require 1 unit of a 2-A rated APAR, with the CO2 type being recommended to handle potential class A and C fires. Furthermore, the detection system design recommends the installation of 2 smoke detector units in the Bogie Meeting Room and 2 units in the QC Meeting Room to ensure effective early detection in enclosed spaces sensitive to smoke
Penerapan Metode Failure Mode And Effect Analysis (FMEA) Untuk Menilai Risiko Kegagalan Komponen Mainsubstation
The electrical distribution system plays a vital role in ensuring the continuity of production processes in the manufacturing industry, particularly in maintaining the reliability and safety of power supply to production equipment. One of the crucial parts of this system is the Mainsubstation, which consists of various components such as grounding disconnect switches, circuit breakers, transformers, and others. Common issues include false signals in protection relays, manual operation errors, and mechanical failures due to inadequate maintenance. This study aims to analyze the potential failures of Mainsubstation equipment using the Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) method. Each failure mode is evaluated based on Severity, Occurrence, and Detection levels to calculate the Risk Priority Number (RPN), which is used to prioritize corrective actions on critical components. The results indicate that the component with the highest RPN value is the grounding disconnect switch, with a score of 140, indicating a significant risk to the reliability of the electrical distribution system. Maintenance recommendations are focused on periodic inspections, recoating, and improving installation quality. Through the implementation of FMEA, companies can design more effective preventive maintenance strategies to minimize the risk of failure in the electrical distribution system.
ANALISIS FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KELELAHAN MATA PADA PEGAWAI DINAS TENAGA KERJA KABUPATEN GRESIK
Eye fatigue is one of the most common health complaints experienced by office workers due to prolonged exposure to visual activities, such as computer use. The Department of Manpower in Gresik Regency is one of the institutions with a high visual workload. However, the influence of inadequate lighting conditions and individual characteristics such as age and eyeglass use on eye fatigue complaints has not been thoroughly studied. This study aims to analyze the effect of age, eyeglass use, and lighting intensity on eye fatigue complaints among employees of the Gresik Regency Manpower Office. This research employed a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional design. The study involved 44 employees selected using a total sampling method. Research instruments included the 17-Item Asthenopia Survey Questionnaire (ASQ-17) to measure eye fatigue, a lux meter to measure lighting intensity, and secondary data from the institution regarding the age and eyeglass use of employees. Data analysis was conducted using chi-square tests and binary logistic regression. The results showed that 77% of respondents experienced eye fatigue. The variables of eyeglass use and lighting intensity showed a significant relationship and influence on eye fatigue complaints, with p-values of 0.006 and 0.004, respectively. In contrast, the age variable did not show a significant relationship or influence, with a p-value of 0.635. These findings highlight the importance of managing lighting conditions according to standards and selecting appropriate eyeglasses to support eye health and work productivity
Penilaian Risiko Ergonomi Berdasarkan SNI 9011:2021 dan Redesign Fasilitas Kerja Pada Aktivitas Pengantongan Perusahaan Pakan Ternak
One of the stages of packing work that requires a lot of manpower is bagging. Bagging activities in animal feed companies involve repetitive activities with heavy loads, so they have the potential to cause muscle and skeletal disorders (MSDs) in workers. Based on the MSDs complaint survey according to SNI 9011:2021, it was found that 60% of workers experienced high-risk complaints, especially in the upper back, lower back, and thighs. This study aims to assess the ergonomic risks in bagging activities and provide recommendations for improving work facilities based on anthropometric data of Indonesian men. The research method uses a quantitative approach, with primary data collection through questionnaire surveys and documentation of work postures, as well as risk analysis using a risk matrix and a checklist of potential ergonomic hazards based on SNI 9011:2021. The results of the analysis showed five awkward postures with a total ergonomic hazard factor score of 9 (dangerous category). Recommendations for improvement were made through redesigning work facilities, namely sack tables and work chairs, with dimensions adjusted based on anthropometric data of Indonesian men. After the simulation, the results of the redesign of the work facilities showed changes in work posture to be more ergonomic, where workers can work with a neutral body position and the physical workload is reduced. After the redesign, the ergonomic hazard potential score decreased significantly from 9 to 2, indicating the effectiveness of the improvements in reducing the risk of MSDs in bagging workers. Keywords: Anthropometry, Bagging, Ergonomics, GOTRAK, SNI 9011:2021
Analisis Postur Kerja Berdasarkan SNI 9011:2021 dan Redesain Fasilitas Kerja pada Pekerjaan Pengelasan di Bengkel Konstruksi PPNS
Applying ergonomics to every job is crucial. Work-related diseases (WRDs) that can occur if ergonomic aspects are not considered in a job include musculoskeletal injuries, also known as Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs). This research analyzes welding work in a construction workshop based on SNI 9011:2021 to reduce the risk of musculoskeletal injuries. According to SNI 9011:2021, the first step in analyzing work posture is to distribute an MSDs survey to workers. The results of the conducted MSDs survey show that 9% of respondents experienced MSD complaints with a high-risk level. Based on this issue, the research continued by analyzing work postures in accordance with Appendix D of SNI 9011:2021. The results from completing the ergonomic hazard potential checklist indicate that the risk level in welding work falls into the dangerous category, with a total score of > 7, specifically 8. Therefore, improvements are necessary to reduce this risk level. The recommended control measure is engineering control, which involves redesigning new work facilities, specifically a table and chair, that are in accordance with the anthropometric data of the Indonesian population. The implementation of this recommendation is expected to reduce the level of ergonomic hazard risk and prevent the occurrence of MSD complaints.
ANALISIS HUMAN ERROR PROBABILITY MENGGUNAKAN METODE HEART PADA PEKERJAAN PRINTING DI PERUSAHAAN KARUNG PLASTIK
The plastic sack company is a business entity engaged in manufacturing that produces 2 types of packaging in the form of woven bags and jumbo bags. This plastic sack company has work accident data that is increasing every year. The company's accident data that contributes to the highest accident rate is printing work as much as 24%. In printing work to produce this plastic sack using Flexo Roll Tol Roll (RTR) printing machine. Human factors are the main cause of accidents in printing work. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to determine the Human Error Probability (HEP) of printing work using the Human Error Assessment and Reduction Technique (HEART) method approach to determine the probability value of human error in printing work and can provide appropriate improvement recommendations so that work accidents in printing work can be minimized. Based on the results of the analysis, the highest HEP is generated in subtask 4.5 cleaning the remaining ink attached to the roll machine with a value of 1.0944. Controls that can be given in accordance with the control hierarchy are engineering control by making a plate for cleaning the remaining ink attached to the roll by pressing the main button. These controls will reduce the operator's relationship or interaction with the machine when cleaning ink which results in human error, make it safer, and reduce the operator's error workload. In addition, controls in the form of understanding structured work instructions and the importance of using personal protective equipment during work must also be given to operators
Fire Risk Assassment pada Pabrik Beton Pracetak di Jawa Timur
Fire risk assessment is a crucial step in preventing and controlling potential fires, especially in industrial environments with high levels of complexity such as precast concrete factories. This factory utilizes various heavy equipment and uses flammable materials such as coal and diesel, which increases the potential for fire. To systematically identify and assess risks, a qualitative Fire Risk Assessment (FRA) method is used with reference to the NFPA 551 standard in 2022 and a checklist form from David Yung (2008). The assessment was carried out on ten critical areas in the factory, including coal storage, production shelter, diesel storage tank, boiler, workshop, warehouse, and office. Each area was analyzed based on the probability of occurrence and the severity of its impact. The assessment results showed that before additional controls were carried out, several areas such as coal storage and Shelter 1 had a High risk level. After the implementation of active protection such as APAR and hydrant systems, the risk in all areas was successfully reduced to Moderate to Low. These findings indicate that the implementation of an appropriate fire protection system can significantly reduce risk levels and improve operational safety in the precast concrete industry
Pengaruh Burnout Akademik terhadap Ide Bunuh Diri di Kalangan Mahasiswa
Suicide among university students is an increasingly concerning mental health issue, particularly amidst the growing academic pressures within higher education environments. Students are in a transitional stage toward adulthood, marked by various emotional, social, and academic challenges. These conditions make them more vulnerable to psychological problems, including burnout and suicidal ideation. This study aims to examine the influence of academic burnout on the emergence of suicidal ideation among students. A quantitative approach using a survey method was applied. A total of 180 students from various study programs were randomly selected to complete online questionnaires, including the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Student Survey (MBI-SS) and the Adult Suicidal Ideation Questionnaire (ASIQ). Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation and logistic regression through SPSS version 27. The results showed that academic burnout significantly affects suicidal ideation (p < 0.012), with its three main dimensions—emotional exhaustion, cynicism, and reduced academic efficacy—contributing to an increased risk of suicidal thoughts among students. These findings reinforce previous research and highlight the urgent need for early intervention through counseling services and programs aimed at strengthening students’ academic resilience to prevent more serious psychological risks.
Analisis Risiko Manual Material Handling pada Aktivitas Pemindahan Karung Menggunakan Metode Composite Lifting Index
Manual Material Handling (MMH) activities remain a crucial part of production processes, especially in industries that rely heavily on manual labor. One of the most common MMH activities is the manual and repetitive lifting of sacks, which, if not performed in accordance with ergonomic principles, can lead to musculoskeletal disorders. This study aims to analyze the ergonomic risk level of sack-lifting activities using the Composite Lifting Index (CLI) approach. The method refers to the Revised NIOSH Lifting Equation guidelines by collecting task variables such as load weight, horizontal distance, vertical position, lifting distance, asymmetry angle, lifting frequency, and grip quality. Prior to that, a questionnaire on Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders (WMSDs), known as GOTRAK, was distributed to operators to identify physical complaints. The questionnaire results indicated that the most frequent complaints were found in the lower back, hips, and upper back. The analysis showed that the CLI value obtained was infinite (?), indicating that the cumulative lifting risk level is extremely high and far exceeds the safe threshold (CLI ? 3). This condition is caused by several combined factors such as high lifting frequency, poor grip quality (due to sacks having no handles), and non-ideal lifting angles and postures. As a solution, intervention is required through the application of the hierarchy of control approach, including reducing pallet stack height, training on proper lifting posture, the use of lifting aids such as hand stackers and hydraulic tables, and the provision of personal protective equipment such as back support belts. The results of this analysis are expected to serve as a foundation for improving workstations to create a safer, more ergonomic, and productive work environment.
PERANCANGAN SISTEM INFORMASI PELAPORAN DATA DOKUMENTASI K3 BERBASIS APLIKASI MULTI PLATFORM PADA POLITEKNIK PERKAPALAN NEGERI SURABAYA
Digital transformation has become an urgent need in improving the effectiveness and efficiency of work systems, including in the field of Occupational Safety and Health (K3). This research aims to design and develop a multi-platform application-based K3 documentation reporting information system that is implemented at the Surabaya State Shipping Polytechnic. The research method consists of field observations, literature studies, application design using the Flutter and Laravel frameworks, and application function testing. The results show that the developed application is able to provide structured documentation reporting features, a multi-level approval system in accordance with the organizational hierarchy, and a monitoring dashboard with indicators of SMK3 compliance levels. This system not only facilitates document tracking and approval processes, but also supports communication efficiency and reduces the risk of human error through the notification feature. The implementation of this application provides a digital solution that is adaptive to the needs of OHS management in technical higher education, especially in institutions that have not yet implemented a comprehensive digitization system. This system is expected to be a model for developing effective and replicable digital OHS documentation in similar institutions.
Analisis Fire Risk Assessment Pada Perusahaan Manufaktur Komponen Kereta Api
The Indonesian railway component manufacturing industry plays a vital role in supporting the national railway sector. This company not only provides engineering consultancy services but also produces crucial components such as aluminum carbodies, interiors, exteriors, train propulsion, railway panels, and various other manufactured products. With operations spanning several strategic locations including the Inka workshop, Sukosari workshop, and Rejomulyo warehouse, the company manages a complex supply chain. This research focuses on the company's building and the Candi Sewu workshop in Madiun, which serves as a production hub for essential materials like train interiors, panel plates, cables, and laser cutting equipment. The intensity of production activities, the use of high-power electrical equipment, office operations, cargo lifts, and electrical network repairs create significant fire risks. According to the Decree of the Minister of Manpower No.KEP.186/MEN/1999, the Candi Sewu workshop is classified as having a medium fire hazard level I. Fire incidents in the manufacturing industry can cause massive material and human losses, damage reputation, and lead to legal issues. Data from the Indonesian Ministry of Manpower in 2022 indicates that 12% of workplace accidents in the manufacturing sector were caused by fires, suggesting low risk mitigation. This study aims to identify and evaluate the existing fire protection systems at the Candi Sewu workshop and provide relevant recommendations. Given the lack of valid hazard identification data, this research employs a qualitative Fire Risk Assessment (FRA) method based on a checklist, referencing NFPA 551 Year 2022 and relying on expert judgment. The results show that 3 areas (pantry, cutting laser, QC), initially with high fire potential, decreased to medium after additional protection. Meanwhile, 8 areas with medium fire potential (office 1st floor, production part 1, logistics, warehouse, office 2nd floor, production part 2, office 3rd floor, production part 3) successfully reduced to low fire potential after evaluating additional protection. This enhanced protection is crucial, as the risk of fire can still occur at any time in these areas.
Analisis Implementasi 5S pada Workshop Perusahaan Galangan Kapal
The shipbuilding industry is a strategic sector that supports maritime transportation and international trade. However, shipbuilding companies have a high risk of workplace accidents due to complex work processes and the use of heavy equipment. To address this issue, this study will apply the 5S method (Seiri, Seiton, Seiso, Seiketsu, and Shitsuke) as a systematic approach to create a safer, cleaner, and more organized work environment. This study will analyze the implementation of the 5S method in a shipbuilding company by conducting direct observations in its workshop areas. The research was conducted using a qualitative method based on observations in the maintenance and repair division (HARKAN) workshop, which has five areas. These areas include the construction workshop, the propeller shaft and steering system workshop, the auxiliary system and valve workshop, the machine tool workshop, and the machining workshop. The research findings indicate that the auxiliary systems and valves workshop had the lowest audit score, while the machine tool workshop had the highest score. Company management must improve the 5S work culture, particularly in the shipyard workshop areas. Keywords: 5S, 5R, Workshop, Shipyard
PENERAPAN CERTAINTY FACTOR DALAM MELAKUKAN ANAMNESIS PADA WEBSITE DIAGNOSIS PENYAKIT AKIBAT KERJA FAKTOR BAHAYA LARUTAN ASAM
The low number of reported Occupational Disease (PAK) cases, particularly those related to acid solution exposure in workshop and laboratory environments, indicates the need for an integrated diagnostic support system. This study aims to develop a web-based expert system utilizing the certainty factor method to assist the anamnesis process in diagnosing PAK. The system is designed based on symptom data and weighting scores provided by a company physician, covering four diseases: corneal ulcer, and first, second, and third-degree burns. The diagnostic process involves calculating certainty levels by multiplying user and expert certainty factor values. The system was built using PHP and MySQL. Results from test scenarios show that the system successfully produced diagnoses identical to expert judgment in all four cases, achieving 100% accuracy. This system is expected to serve as a digital solution to streamline and enhance the accuracy of PAK reporting, especially in vocational education institutions.
Analisis Kondisi Existing Penerapan Sistem Ventilasi Pada Bengkel Dan Laboratorium Politeknik Perkapalan Negeri Surabaya
Surabaya State Polytechnic of Shipping is a Polytechnic is one of the educational institutions that implements 40% theory and 60% practicum. One of the supporting practicums is by providing a workshop to support the practicum. The workshop used for practicum must be ensured to comply with applicable standards. One of the standards that must be considered is the implementation of a ventilation system, this is to support the safety aspects of the practicum in the workshop used. In this study, the Ship's Electrical Workshop, Construction Workshop, Non-metal Workshop, Tool Workshop, Chemical Laboratory, and Plumbing Laboratory were the objects of research. Measurement data that has been carried out in 2024 shows that the four workshops have not met the needs of air flow per hour and air volume per person. This study will measure the need for air flow and air volume per person and continue to determine the right ventilation to meet the needs of the workshop that is the object of research. The six research objects have been analyzed for the application of the ventilation system using SNI 03-6572-2001 and AZRAE 62.1. There are several rooms that have not and have not met the air flow needs. The air flow that can be said to be safe is in the chemistry laboratory and plumbing laboratory on the 3rd floor, in addition to the workshop and laboratory rooms have not been met the air flow so additional ventilation is needed to meet the air flow need.
ANALISIS RISIKO POTENSI BAHAYA ERGONOMI PADA PEKERJA PERIKSA AMPUL BERDASARKAN SNI 9011:2021
Every job has risks, one of these risks is ergonomic risk which if not managed properly can cause Work-related Musculoskeletal Disorder (WMSDs) or known as Occupational Muscle and Skeletal Disorders (GOTRAK). The results of observations at the ampoule inspection work at the pharmaceutical company showed that there was manual handling that was at risk of causing occupational muscle and skeletal disorders (GOTRAK). In the ampoule inspection work there are several non-ergonomic work postures where workers have to sit for 8 hours without a backrest and repetitive movements on the hands. The results of a survey that has been conducted, 42% of ampoule inspection workers experience GOTRAK complaints with a high risk level. From these problems, a work posture analysis is carried out based on SNI 9011: 2021 and provides control recommendations to reduce ergonomic risks. This research method uses SNI 9011: 2021 by conducting an initial survey to identify GOTRAK complaints, then conducting an analysis using a checklist of potential ergonomic hazards to evaluate the risk level of ergonomic hazards in ampoule inspection workers. The results showed that the ergonomic risk value for ampoule inspection workers is 10 where the value is included in the hazardous category, so improvements need to be made. Implementation of the improvement recommendations is expected to reduce the ergonomic risk.
Penerapan FMEA dan Diagram Pareto dalam Mengidentifikasi Kegagalan Komponen Kritis pada Wheel Loader
The development of the manufacturing industry in Indonesia is growing rapidly and rapidly. Precast concrete manufacturing companies are manufacturing companies engaged in concrete production. In the concrete production process involves various heavy equipment, one of which is a wheel loader that functions to move the material loaded into the hopper for the concrete production process. The ability of this tool to transport large amounts of material is considered effective to support lifting activities that have a high frequency. To meet production targets, the process of making concrete often lasts almost all day without stopping. This condition is one of the main causes of the increased risk of damage or failure of machinery and equipment used in precast concrete production. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the components of the wheel loader in order to determine the results of the critical components. Determination of critical components is carried out using the FMEA (Failure Mode and Effect Analysis) method which is used to identify the failure of each component. FMEA is used to assess the level of risk by calculating the RPN (Risk Priority Number) value. The results of the RPN value are then further analyzed using a pareto diagram to identify critical components on the wheel loader. The results of this study show that there are 3 critical components, namely brake components which have an RPN value of 40 with a cumulative percentage of 7%, radiators which have an RPN value of 36 and a cumulative percentage of 14%, and hydraulic hoses which have an RPN of 36 and a cumulative percentage of 21%.
Analisis Probabilitas Human Error Pengoperasian Container Crane (CC) Menggunakan CREAM di Perusahaan Jasa Bongkar Muat Petikemas
Operating container cranes (CC) is a high-risk activity due to the heavy equipment involved (Ridwan et al., 2023). From 2021 to 2023, the Container Loading and Unloading Service Company experienced 135 work accidents involving CC operations, primarily due to human error. The aim of this study is to determine the human error probability (HEP) in CC operations in order to provide recommendations for reducing the potential for workplace accidents in the future. This study uses the Cognitive Reliability and Error Analysis Method (CREAM) as the Human Reliability Analysis (HRA) method. The analysis identified the eight subtasks with the highest HEP values: 2.2, 2.3, 2.8, 3.2, 3.3, 3.12, 3.13, and 5.2, with a value of 0.008. Recommendations for CC operations based on the Error Reduction Analysis (ERA) approach include the following: providing appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) and conducting regular training on PPE use at heights; installing additional sensors, automatic pause buttons, and CCTV connected to the cabin human-machine interface (HMI); reviewing work instructions to make it more detailed, and implementing rewards and penalties for compliance with standard operating procedures; implementing digital twin–based operator training simulations; installing digital checklists with automatic detection feedback and conducting emergency response training using virtual reality (VR); implementing ergonomic cabin design and providing at least two communication channels per CC; conducting team training and soft skill training for CC operators to enhance safety awareness.
Penentuan Titik Kumpul Stadion Kanjuruhan
Stadiums, as mass gathering venues, carry a high potential for hazards related to crowd disturbances and other emergencies. The tragic incident at Kanjuruhan Stadium on October 1, 2022, which resulted in 135 fatalities due to crowd crushing, along with the riot at Si Jalak Harupat Stadium on September 23, 2024, drastically underscore the urgency of effective risk mitigation and evacuation planning. The presence of clear and well-directed evacuation routes is crucial for ensuring the safety of stadium occupants, in line with regulations such as Indonesian Law Number 28 of 2002 and Government Regulation Number 36 of 2005, which emphasize the technical reliability of building structures for safety. Kanjuruhan Stadium, with a capacity of 21,603 spectators, faced significant challenges as it initially had only one temporary assembly point, clearly insufficient for mass evacuation during a disaster. This limitation highlighted an urgent need for reevaluation and the addition of assembly point locations. This research focuses on determining new assembly point locations and planning evacuation routes. The methodology employed refers to Minister of Public Works and Housing Regulation (Permen PUPR) No. 14 of 2017 and National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) 101 year 2000 standards. The established criteria include a minimum safe distance of 6.1 meters from the building, sufficient open space (0.3 m$^2$/person), and accessibility for emergency vehicles and medical teams. The research successfully identified and designated four strategic assembly points at Kanjuruhan Stadium: West, North, East, and South. All four locations have been verified to meet all established regulatory criteria and, crucially, possess adequate capacity to accommodate all stadium occupants. For instance, the West Assembly Point, with an area of 3,481,724 m$^2$, can accommodate up to 11,605,747 people, far exceeding the stadium's current capacity. The establishment of these new assembly points significantly enhances the stadium's evacuation readiness, minimizing the risk of casualties, as well as material and immaterial losses from potential future disasters.
Penilaian Risiko Ergonomi Sektor Perkantoran Menggunakan Metode Rapid Office Strain Assessment (ROSA) di Perusahaan Jasa Pertambangan
In the mining services company’s Human Capital (HC) & Legal Division, all work is administrative and office-based. Employees in this division spend an average of eight hours per day seated at computers to complete their tasks. Initial observations, based on a survey using SNI 9011:2021 Annex F completed by 51 respondents, revealed widespread postural errors at work. These errors are a primary risk factor for musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) and can significantly reduce productivity. To address this, a workstation risk assessment was conducted using the Rapid Office Strain Assessment (ROSA) method. Data were collected through direct observation and measurement of body angles with the Angulus application, followed by posture evaluation using the ROSA worksheet to determine final ROSA scores. Scores ??5 are classified as “at risk,” while scores <?5 are considered “acceptable.” Four employees representing different job levels—department head, division head, administrative staff, and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)—were selected to ensure the results reflect ergonomic conditions across the entire HC & Legal Division. The assessment showed that all four respondents scored ??5, indicating an ergonomic risk, with the highest score of 8 for the administrative staff and the lowest score of 5 for the department head. These elevated scores were attributed to inadequate workstation facilities, limited employee awareness of proper equipment use, and prolonged working durations.
Analisis Risiko Bahaya Menggunakan Metode HIRARC dan FTA Pada Pekerjaan Analisis Logam Berat di Laboratorium Kimia
The chemical laboratory presents various potential hazards that can lead to workplace accidents, such as exposure to hazardous chemicals, fires, and explosions. This study aims to identify potential hazards and assess the level of risk in the process of heavy metal analysis in a chemical laboratory using the HIRARC and Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) methods. The HIRARC method is used to identify hazards, assess risks, and determine appropriate control measures, while FTA is applied to identify the root causes of the highest potential hazards. The results of the study indicate that the highest risk arises from the use of AAS machines and microwaves, which can lead to fires or explosions. Through the FTA method, it was found that the root causes of the highest risks include worker negligence, lack of training, irregular equipment inspections, inadequate standard operating procedures (SOP), and ineffective fire suppression systems. The recommended control measures include regular occupational health and safety (OHS) training, routine inspections, SOP improvements, and enhancing the effectiveness of laboratory safety systems. It is expected that the implementation of these risk controls can significantly reduce workplace accidents in the laboratory.
Penerapan Failure Mode Effect Analysis (FMEA) untuk Identifikasi Kegagalan Mesin Tunnel Oven di Perusahaan Industri Makanan Ringan
The snack food industry is one of the manufacturing sectors that is experiencing rapid growth, thus requiring companies to continuously improve product quality and maintain reliability in production machinery. One of the main machines used in the production process is the tunnel oven, which operates automatically for 24 hours. Continuous use of the machine increases the risk of component failure, which can jeopardize worker safety and disrupt operational continuity. This research aims to analyze the risk of failure in the subcomponents of the tunnel oven machine using the Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) method. The analysis begins with the creation of a Functional Block Diagram (FBD) to understand the relationship between components in the system. Furthermore, the identification of failure modes, causes, impacts, and risk assessment based on three criteria, namely severity, occurrence, and detection (SOD), through discussions with expert judgment and failure data for 2022-2024. The results showed that there were 58 subcomponents with 73 potential failure modes, and 7 of them had the highest Risk Priority Number (RPN) value in each component. The subcomponents are: MCB (RPN 300), PLC (RPN 240), wiremesh belt (RPN 280), exhaust fan and blast fan drive motors (RPN 160 each), thermocouple (RPN 270), and gas leakage detector (RPN 200). These findings indicate the need to implement preventive measures through a hierarchical control approach, such as SOPs, periodic inspections, scheduled maintenance, and component replacement to improve system reliability. FMEA analysis proved to be effective in identifying risk priorities and became the basis for systematic improvement recommendations.
SAFEPULSE: SISTEM INFORMASI DIGITAL TERINTEGRASI UNTUK VALIDASI KESEHATAN DAN OTOMATISASI IZIN KERJA DI LINGKUNGAN INDUSTRI BERISIKO TINGGI
SafePulse merupakan sistem informasi berbasis website yang dikembangkan untuk memantau kesehatan pekerja dan menerbitkan Permit to Work (PTW) secara terintegrasi di lingkungan industri berisiko tinggi. Sistem ini menyediakan antarmuka khusus bagi tim medis, safety officer, dan asisten manajer K3 untuk melakukan pemantauan real-time dan pengelolaan izin kerja secara efisien. Fitur utama meliputi dashboard interaktif, form Daily Fit to Work, dan manajemen status permit kerja. Pengujian kelayakan menggunakan USE Questionnaire terhadap 20 responden menunjukkan tingkat kelayakan sangat tinggi di seluruh aspek, dengan nilai rata-rata 85,42%. Hasil ini membuktikan bahwa SafePulse efektif, mudah digunakan, dan mampu mendukung peningkatan keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja di industri.
Identifikasi Bahaya pada Unit Karbonasi dengan Metode Hazard and Operability (HAZOP) di Industri Produsen Pupuk
The fertilizer manufacturing industry comprises companies engaged in the production of fertilizers and chemicals. One of the fertilizer products produced is ZA fertilizer/Ammonium Sulfate. ZA fertilizer is manufactured through several stages such as carbonation, reaction, filtration, neutralization, evaporation, drying & cooling, and bagging. In the carbonation stage, a reaction occurs between reactants such as NH?, CO?, and water to form ammonium carbonate ((NH?)?CO?), which will then be reacted with gypsum to produce Ammonium Sulfate. Several pieces of equipment are used, such as Chiller E-5103, Carbonation Tower T-5101, Compressor C-5101, pumps, etc. However, this production activity presents potential hazards such as overpressure, overheating, and toxic materials that may be released into the environment, posing risks to workers, environmental pollution, and equipment damage. This study aims to carry out hazard identification and risk assessment using the Hazard and Operability (HAZOP) method based on IEC 61882 standards to identify potential hazards and consequences by combining guidewords and process parameters to detect deviations from normal operating conditions. The HAZOP analysis of the carbonation unit identified total of 151 risks, categorized as follows: 3 extreme risks (1.98%), 18 high risks (11.92%), 105 medium risks (69.53%), and 25 low risks (16.55%) on people, asset, environmental. Some recommendations based on the hazard control hierarchy include adding a Pressure Alarm High (PAH) on Chiller E-5103, implementing a PPM (Predictive, Preventive Maintenance) program, and tagging valves with tag numbers, etc
Evaluasi Kesesuaian Alat Pemadam Api Ringan Berdasarkan Permenakertrans No. 4 Tahun 1980 dan NFPA 10 Tahun 2022 Di Gedung Kuliah Terpadu PPNS
Shipbuilding Institute of Polytechnic Surabaya (PPNS), as an institution striving to achieve global recognition, participates in UI GreenMetric to promote sustainable education quality, including the importance of Occupational Safety and Health (OSH). OSH is an effort to prevent accidents and control potential hazards, especially those that could trigger emergencies such as fires. According to data from the Central Statistics Agency of West Jakarta, there were 1,171 fire incidents between 2021 and 2023. Fires often occur in residential buildings, particularly high-rise buildings. High-rise buildings should have safety systems, including fire protection equipment such as Fire Extinguishers (APAR), to ensure the safety of occupants inside. This study aims to evaluate the active fire protection system, specifically the APAR, in the PPNS Integrated Lecture Building, which has 8 floors, with the installation of APAR still following the contractor's specifications. Therefore, an evaluation of the required number of APARs was conducted based on the regulations of Permenakertrans No. 4 of 1980 and the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) 10 of 2022 to identify discrepancies and ensure the procurement of appropriate APARs for the safety of occupants and building assets on campus. Based on the evaluation results, the initial number of existing fire extinguishers, which was 16 units, was increased to 24 units according to Permenakertrans No. 4 of 1980. Meanwhile, according to NFPA 10 of 2022, an additional 9 fire extinguishers are required, with 8 units being Dry Chemical Powder (DCP) type and 1 unit being CO2 type.
Analisis Risiko Ergonomi pada Karyawan Kantor XYZ dengan Menggunakan Metode Rapid Office Strain Assessment (ROSA)
Employees of XYZ Office are government employees in charge of carrying out administrative tasks and public services who spend their working time in front of a computer. Initial research was conducted by distributing Musculoskeletal Disorder (MSDs) Assessment. From the survei results that have been distributed, it was found that the complaints felt by office employees in the neck, shoulders, and lower back. This study aims to assess the level of ergonomic risk experienced by employees using the Rapid Office Strain Assessment (ROSA) method and identify corrective measures. ROSA is a rapid analysis that can measure the risk of computer-related work. The Rapid Office Strain Assessment (ROSA) method was chosen as the method of this study because of its assessment method that is suitable for sitting and typing work for a long time. Ergonomic workplace design can reduce the risk of injury and increase productivity. Risk analysis with ROSA will map potential physical risks due to the use of non-ergonomic office equipment, especially in computer use activities. The main objective of this research is to create a healthier and safer work environment for employees through recommendations for ergonomic design improvements. The research was conducted at the Sidorukun Village Government Office with 6 employees. This research focuses on observing data entry work and community services for 8 working hours. In the process of improving the workstation, it will be assisted by Catia software which is used to design a workstation to improve the work posture of XYZ Office employees.
Analisis Deskriptif Tentang Faktor Risiko Heat Strain pada Pekerja Area Panas di Industri Fabrikasi Pipa Baja
Hot work environments are a key risk factor for heat strain among workers, particularly in high-temperature production areas such as the tube mill and galvanizing processes. This study aimed to describe the distribution of heat strain and its contributing risk factors. A descriptive quantitative method was used with total sampling of 36 respondents. Data were collected through direct measurements and questionnaires, covering work climate, physical workload, age, body mass index, and water intake. The results showed that most workers experienced moderate to very high levels of heat strain. Workers exposed to substandard work climates, heavy physical workloads, aged ? 40 years, with high BMI, and consuming less than 8 glasses of water per day tended to have higher heat strain levels. These findings highlight the importance of managing thermal risk through environmental controls, workload management, and adequate hydration practices.
Penerapan Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) untuk Analisis Kegagalan Komponen Shiplift pada Galangan Kapal
The shipbuilding industry is one of the key sectors contributing significantly to Indonesia’s economy. The shipyard company studied in this research is equipped with a shiplift, a type of lifting dock that plays a crucial role in enhancing the efficiency of the docking process. However, high usage intensity of the shiplift often leads to failures in various components, disrupting operations and causing time and cost losses for the company. To address this issue, this study applies the Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) method to evaluate component failures within the shiplift system. It identifies failure modes and their impacts, and assesses risk levels using the Risk Priority Number (RPN) approach. Based on the FMEA analysis, 66 failure modes were identified across 39 components. The wooden dock component, with the failure mode of corroded support structure, recorded the highest RPN value of 64 due to its potential to cause structural collapse. In contrast, the lowest RPN value of 2.9 was found in the manometer component, related to a stuck needle. Maintenance prioritization should be focused on components with the highest RPN values. Furthermore, concentrating maintenance efforts on critical components identified through this analysis can effectively mitigate the risk of potential failures. The insights gained are expected to support the company in maintaining shiplift reliability and ensuring safe and efficient operations.