ANALISIS RISIKO KETERLAMBATAN BONGKAR MUAT DI PELABUHAN CURAH KERING MENGGUNAKAN METODE FMEA

Abstract

The dry bulk terminal plays a vital role in maintaining the continuity of industrial supply chains. Delays in loading and unloading processes can lead to decreased operational efficiency, increased vessel waiting times, and significant financial losses. This study aims to identify and analyze the risks of loading and unloading delays at Port X, Gresik, using the Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) method. Risk assessment was carried out through three main parameters: severity, occurrence, and detection capability for each sub-risk. The results indicate four priority sub-risks with the highest Risk Priority Number (RPN) values: congested truck circulation (216.75), grab equipment failure (194.88), weather effects (181.44), and insufficient fleet availability (157.76). These findings suggest that delays in dry bulk operations are predominantly influenced by external factors rather than internal ones. Therefore, risk management in ports should focus on strengthening external coordination with stakeholders, while also ensuring the reliability of internal equipment to maintain operational performance. The implications of this study highlight the importance of a structured, priority-based risk mitigation strategy to reduce logistics costs, improve service quality, and enhance port competitiveness in supporting the continuity of industrial supply chains.