ANALISIS BEBAN KERJA DALAM MENENTUKKAN TENAGA KERJA OPTIMAL SERTA PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP KEDISIPLINAN DAN PRODUKTIVITAS KERJA DIVISI KONSTRUKSI PADA SALAH SATU PERUSAHAAN GALANGAN KAPAL DI SURABAYA

Abstract

Employee productivity is a critical indicator of operational performance, particularly in the shipyard industry, which demands strict deadlines and high-quality output. This study aims to assess workloads, determine the optimal workforce using the Full Time Equivalent (FTE) method, and examine the effects of work discipline and workload on the productivity of employees in the ship construction division of a shipyard company in Surabaya. A quantitative approach was applied, employing purposive sampling to select 45 respondents from a population of 113 employees. Data were obtained through observations, questionnaires, interviews, and company records. The FTE analysis indicated workload imbalances, with 16 employees experiencing overload, 21 in normal conditions, and 8 underload. Recommended workforce adjustments include adding 8 welders (to 31), adding 5 fitters (to 13), reducing 1 logistics worker and 1 helper, and maintaining 9 supervisors, resulting in an optimal total of 56 employees. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that work discipline (X₁) had a positive and significant impact on productivity (p = 0.017), while workload (X₂) was not significant (p = 0.092). The findings suggest that improving work discipline can enhance productivity, whereas unbalanced workloads should be addressed through workforce realignment to optimize organizational performance