Hubungan Usia, Penggunaan APD Pernapasan, dan Ketergantungan Terhadap Rokok dengan Keluhan Gejala Gangguan Pernapasan pada Pekerja Galangan Kapal

Abstract

A shipyard is a facility designed for shipbuilding and repair. Work processes in shipyards, especially those conducted in open areas like slipways, generate residual materials such as dust. Exposure to polluted air can impact workers' health, particularly the respiratory system. Over the past three years, complaints of Acute Respiratory Infections (ARI) have been the most frequently reported health issue among shipyard workers. Commonly reported symptoms include cough, runny nose, fever, and shortness of breath, with shortness of breath being one of the clinical manifestations of respiratory disorders. Demographically, the majority of shipyard workers are male, with an average age of 35 years. Males generally have a higher tendency for nicotine dependence compared to females. Furthermore, the use of respiratory Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), such as respirators, is not mandatory for all daily work activities, thereby increasing the potential risk of dust exposure. Based on these conditions, this study aims to identify the general profile of respiratory symptom complaints among shipyard workers in Lamongan. The study also analyzes the relationship between several risk factors namely age, level of nicotine dependence, and use of respiratory PPE and complaints of respiratory disorders. Data collection utilized the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence, The Medical Research Council (MRC) Dyspnea Scale, observation of PPE usage, and company age data. The chi-square test was used to determine the relationships between these variables. The results indicate that age (p-value = 0.020), nicotine dependence (p-value = 0.020), and use of respiratory PPE (p-value = 0.036) have a significant relationship with complaints of respiratory symptoms.

Keywords: Respiratory symptoms, Respiratory protective equipment, Age, Nicotine Dependence