Analisis Probabilitas Human Error Pengoperasian Container Crane (CC) Menggunakan CREAM di Perusahaan Jasa Bongkar Muat Petikemas

Abstract

Operating container cranes (CC) is a high-risk activity due to the heavy equipment involved (Ridwan et al., 2023). From 2021 to 2023, the Container Loading and Unloading Service Company experienced 135 work accidents involving CC operations, primarily due to human error. The aim of this study is to determine the human error probability (HEP) in CC operations in order to provide recommendations for reducing the potential for workplace accidents in the future. This study uses the Cognitive Reliability and Error Analysis Method (CREAM) as the Human Reliability Analysis (HRA) method. The analysis identified the eight subtasks with the highest HEP values: 2.2, 2.3, 2.8, 3.2, 3.3, 3.12, 3.13, and 5.2, with a value of 0.008. Recommendations for CC operations based on the Error Reduction Analysis (ERA) approach include the following: providing appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) and conducting regular training on PPE use at heights; installing additional sensors, automatic pause buttons, and CCTV connected to the cabin human-machine interface (HMI); reviewing work instructions to make it more detailed, and implementing rewards and penalties for compliance with standard operating procedures; implementing digital twin–based operator training simulations; installing digital checklists with automatic detection feedback and conducting emergency response training using virtual reality (VR); implementing ergonomic cabin design and providing at least two communication channels per CC; conducting team training and soft skill training for CC operators to enhance safety awareness.