Penentuan Komponen Kritis Pada Kelistrikan dan Pelumasan Forklift Menggunakan Metode Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) dan Diagram Pareto

Abstract

Abstract— Forklift is a tool that enables an individual to lift and place heavy and large loads. Any malfunction in the forklift can hinder the production process or loading and unloading activities at a precast concrete company, leading to significant losses for the company if such issues occur. This tool operates continuously to transport materials and finished goods 24 hours a day, 6 days a week. Regular maintenance is required to maintain the performance of the forklift. To address these issues, researchers used the Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) method to analyze the common causes of failure and their effects. This method is also used to determine preventive measures, from high to low priority, with the aim of reducing the level of damage or the likelihood of failure. Consequently, it is expected to reduce potential losses and hazards. Additionally, a Pareto diagram analysis was conducted to identify critical components, allowing the company to prioritize maintenance activities and improve reliability. The FMEA analysis shows that there are 35 components with 41 failure modes analyzed based on severity, occurrence, detection, and RPN (Risk Priority Number) values of each potential failure. The highest RPN value was found in the Lift and Tilt Cylinder component, with an RPN value of 270, identified with the failure mode of leakage/breakage. The Pareto diagram analysis prioritizes three critical components: Lift and Tilt Cylinder, Brake Pads, and Oil Filter. Therefore, these components should be the focus of the maintenance team and relevant parties in the company during forklift maintenance activities.