Analisis Kinerja Perpindahan Pan Penggunaan Shell and Tube sebagai Heat Exchanger pada Prototipe Ocean Thermal Energy Converison (OTEC)

Abstract

 This study focuses on the design, fabrication, and testing of a shell and tube heat exchanger as a condenser in a laboratory-scale Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) system. The heat exchanger was designed with a 1-pass shell and 1-pass tube configuration, consisting of 26 copper tubes with an outer diameter of 9.5 mm and a length of 0.46 m, arranged within a steel shell of 155 mm diameter. The design process included determining thermal resistances, convective heat transfer coefficients, and the overall heat transfer coefficient (U). Theoretical calculations resulted in an overall heat transfer coefficient of 215.57 W/m²·K. After fabrication, the heat exchanger was integrated into the OTEC prototype, using R22 as the working fluid. Experimental testing indicated that the actual overall heat transfer coefficient reached 243 W/m²·K, showing a deviation of 12.7% compared to the theoretical design value. A significant enthalpy change was observed between state points H5 and H8, from 168.8 kJ/kg to 238.99 kJ/kg, confirming effective condensation and heat transfer within the system. These findings demonstrate that the shell and tube heat exchanger was successfully developed and performs reliably as a condenser in the OTEC prototype, supporting further utilization of ocean thermal energy as a renewable energy source.