PENGELASAN FROM ONE SIDE PADA ALUMUNIUM DENGAN BACKING GAS DAN SPESIAL JOINT GEOMETRY UNTUK MENGHASILKAN COMPLETE JOINT PENETRATION

Abstract

Aluminum series 5083 is generally used for the shipping industry, in addition to having
corrosion-resistant properties as well as a light density or one-third that of steel and copper. The
problem found in the field when welding aluminum is the difficulty of penetration that occurs so that
it does not produce complete joint penetration welding. Welding from one side or one side is very
advantageous in the field if the weld is fusion/complete joint penetration. Because it can save time
and also costs because no back weld is needed. In the AWS Handbook of Aluminum Alloys, 1997 in
figure 8.4 there is a recommendation for a one-sided or one-sided welding joint geometry design to
obtain a complete joint penetration weld. Special joint geometry has better weld penetration compared
to single v-groove joints with gaps or without gaps. The addition of backing gas in welding has an
effect on increasing the penetration of the weld root. In the tensile test the variation that uses backing
gas tends to have a higher value, the average tensile strength value of the A1 variation is 202.16 Mpa,
B1 is 228.425 Mpa. The A2 variation is 112.03 Mpa, B2 is 123.665 Mpa. While the B3 variation has
a lower tensile strength value due to incomplete weld root penetration, which is 196,585 MPa, when
compared to the A3 variation, which is 250,355 MPa.