ANALISIS STRUKTUR MIKRO DAN SIFAT MEKANIK FILLER METAL ER5556, ER5183, DAN ER5356 PADA SAMBUNGAN PENGELASAN ALUMINIUM ALLOY 5083 H 112

Abstract

Welding is a common method in the shipbuilding industry to join steel and aluminum
materials. Aluminum is chosen due to its corrosion resistance and good ductility. The efficient welding
process for aluminum is Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW). Aluminum alloy 5083 H 112 is frequently
used in shipbuilding. Selecting the appropriate filler metal is crucial to create strong joints and extend
the lifespan of the ship. Based on the issue of selecting the right filler, this research is conducted to
study the effects of filler metals ER 5556, ER 5183, and ER 5356, which are commonly used in welding
aluminum 5083 in the shipbuilding industry.This study involves micro-testing to analyze the structure,
as well as tensile, bending, and impact testing to understand the mechanical properties influenced by
the filler metals used. After conducting the testing, it was found that the precipitation of Mg2Si grew
due to the use of filler metals with different chemical compositions. The percentage of Mg2Si formed
was 26.242% in weld metal ER5556, 24.813% in ER5356, and 25.107% in ER 5183.Next, ductility was
observed in the bending test, which resulted in no defects for ER5556 and ER 5356, while only one
specimen in ER 5183 experienced fracture. To evaluate the filler's impact on strength, tensile testing
was performed, yielding the following values: for filler ER5556, 272.52 MPa and 198.05 MPa; for
filler ER 5356, 272.39 MPa and 262.46 MPa; and for filler ER 5183, 278.18 MPa and 268.36 MPa.
Furthermore, to assess the impact toughness of the joints, impact tests were conducted, and the average
impact energy was determined: ER 5556 0.24 J/mm2, ER 5356 0.198 J/mm2, and ER 5183 0.169
J/mm2.Based on this research, the appropriate recommendation for welding aluminum 5083 H 112 is
to use filler ER 5183 due to it’s Best strength.